Back to Vitamins & Minerals
Vitamins & Minerals

ZincEvidence & Dosage

Immune system, hormones, wound healing, and bioavailability of zinc forms.

Studies last updated

Evidence at a glance

Total studies
412
With abstract
45
Meta / Systematic / RCT
84
Highly cited
28
Publication years
1994–2026

Zinc in the context of Vitamins & Minerals

This topic is part of our "Vitamins & Minerals" world. There you'll find methodology, evidence and the highest-impact levers — plus the order in which they sensibly build on each other.

Go to Vitamins & Minerals

Top studies on Zinc

Ranked by influential-citation count and publication year.

  1. Exposure to metal mixtures and adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes: A systematic review.

    Sci Total Environ2024n=34Systematic Review149 influential citations

    <h4>Background</h4>Prenatal exposure to metal mixtures is associated with adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes like low birth weight, preterm birth, and small for gestational age. However, prior studies have used individual metal analysis,…

  2. Zeolite imidazolate framework-8 in bone regeneration: A systematic review.

    J Control Release2024Systematic Review85 influential citations

    Zeolite imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) is a biomaterial that has been increasingly studied in recent years. It has several applications such as bone regeneration, promotion of angiogenesis, drug loading, and antibacterial activity, and…

  3. From zinc homeostasis to disease progression: Unveiling the neurodegenerative puzzle.

    Pharmacol Res2024Systematic Review73 influential citations

    Zinc is a crucial trace element in the human body, playing a role in various physiological processes such as oxidative stress, neurotransmission, protein synthesis, and DNA repair. The zinc transporters (ZnTs) family members are…

  4. Minerals and Sarcopenia in Older Adults: An Updated Systematic Review.

    J Am Med Dir Assoc2023n=45Systematic Review63 influential citations

    <h4>Objective</h4>This systematic review aims to reevaluate the role of minerals on muscle mass, muscle strength, physical performance, and the prevalence of sarcopenia in community-dwelling and institutionalized older…

  5. Ecological and health implications of heavy metal bioaccumulation in Thai Fauna: A systematic review.

    Ecotoxicol Environ Saf2024Systematic Review53 influential citations

    Heavy metals pose significant threats to ecosystems and human health due to their persistence and bioaccumulation. In Thailand, rapid industrialization, extensive agriculture, and urban development have exacerbated heavy metal pollution in…

  6. Micronutrient deficiencies in patients with celiac disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol2025n=545Meta-Analysis48 influential citations

    This study aimed to characterize micronutrient deficiencies, including iron, ferritin, folic acid, vitamin D, zinc (Zn), vitamin B<sub>12</sub>, and copper, in patients with celiac disease, and evaluated the effects of these deficiencies…

  7. Prenatal metal(loid) exposure and preterm birth: a systematic review of the epidemiologic evidence.

    J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol2025n=92Systematic Review39 influential citations

    <h4>Background</h4>Preterm birth (PTB) is a common pregnancy complication associated with significant neonatal morbidity. Prenatal exposure to environmental chemicals, including toxic and/or essential metal(loid)s, may contribute to PTB…

  8. Antimicrobial Activity of Zinc against Periodontal Pathogens: A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies.

    Medicina (Kaunas)2023n=15Systematic Review35 influential citations

    Background and Objectives: More than a billion people worldwide suffer from chronic periodontitis. The primary etiological factor of periodontal diseases is dental plaque and the bacteria it contains, particularly Porphyromonas gingivalis,…

  9. Effect of zinc supplementation on blood sugar control in the overweight and obese population: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

    Obes Res Clin Pract2023n=651Meta-Analysis34 influential citations

    <h4>Background</h4>Although overweight and obese people have a higher risk of type 2 diabetes incidence than normal-weight individuals, the efficacy of zinc supplementation in blood sugar control in overweight and obese people remained…

  10. The association between micronutrient levels and diabetic foot ulcer: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

    Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)2023n=37Meta-Analysis30 influential citations

    Background Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are a major complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Nutrient deficiencies are among the major risk factors in DFU development and healing. In this context, we aimed to investigate the possible…

    Finding: DFU patients had significantly lower vitamin D and magnesium levels than diabetic patients without DFU.

Frequently asked

What dosage was studied?
• Exposure to metal mixtures during pregnancy (Not reported; various metals/mixtures (Hg, Ni, As, Cd, Mn, Co, Pb, Zn, Ba, Cs, Cu, Se, Cr)) • Zinc homeostasis / zinc dysmetabolism review (not reported)
Which population does the evidence apply to?
Most studies investigated: unknown; patient.
Are there safety considerations for Zinc?
• Prenatal metal mixture exposure was associated with adverse birth outcomes. • Potential risks included low birth weight, preterm birth, and SGA. • not reported • No adverse events were reported; this was a systematic review/meta-analysis.

Related articles

Knowledge

Zinc - The True Benefits of the Essential Element

Zinc is an essential trace element that supports the body in wound healing, immune system regulation, and tissue repair. Studies show positive effects on skin health, sperm motility potential, and anemia prevention.

More topics in Vitamins & Minerals

Magnesium

Magnesium types, sleep, cramps, stress, and dosage.

Creatine Monohydrate

Power, muscle building, cognition, and safety of creatine.

Ashwagandha

Stress, sleep, cortisol, and possible side effects.

Melatonin Optimization

Melatonin needs, dosing (0.3-5 mg), extended-release forms, circadian rhythm, and long-term safety considerations.

Caffeine + L-Theanine

Caffeine, L-Theanine, focus, alertness and tolerance.

NAD+ Precursors

NMN, NR, NAD+, aging biology and evidence landscape.

Omega-3 Fatty Acids

EPA, DHA, ALA: daily needs, sources (fish, algae), Omega-3 index as biomarker, and cardiovascular RCT data.

Vitamin Optimization

Vitamin optimization strategies: needs assessment, bioavailability, synergies, and safety upper limits for the most relevant micronutrients.

Melatonin Signaling

Melatonin as a multi-system hormone: antioxidant, immunomodulatory, mitochondrial, and neuroprotective effects beyond sleep.

Animal vs Human Studies

Mouse ≠ human — translatability from resveratrol to rapamycin is shaky.

Bias

Sponsorship, selection bias, confirmation bias, industry funding.

Cardiovascular System

Blood pressure, heart rate, endothelium, cholesterol, cardiovascular risk factors.

Contraindications

When something must NOT be taken: pregnancy, pre-existing conditions.

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10 / Ubiquinol)

Mitochondria, statins, energy, and cardiovascular outcomes.

Correlation vs Causation

The classic misinterpretation of popular health studies.

Curcumin

Inflammation, bioavailability (piperine), turmeric extracts, and clinical outcomes.

Digestive System

Stomach acid, enzymes, absorption, the gut-brain axis, the microbiome.

Effect Size

p-value vs. practical relevance, Cohen's d, confidence intervals.

Ferritin & Iron

Ferritin, transferrin saturation, iron deficiency vs. iron overload.

Glutathione

Master antioxidant, liposomal vs. NAC forms and detoxification.

Related topics from other worlds

Hormones

Menopause

Hormonal postmenopause, bone health, cardiovascular risk, HRT.

Hormones

Prolactin

Stress/sleep hormone, suppresses testosterone when chronically elevated.

Hormones

Thyroid & Energy

How thyroid status shapes fatigue, weight and mental clarity.

Cognition

Alpha-GPC

Choline source for acetylcholine and cognitive performance

Cognition

Creatine

More than just sport: memory, sleep deprivation, vegan deficits.

Cognition

Glucose vs Ketones

The brain's fuel sources, ketogenic adaptation, cognitive effects.