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Melatonin OptimizationEvidence & Dosage

Melatonin needs, dosing (0.3-5 mg), extended-release forms, circadian rhythm, and long-term safety considerations.

Studies last updated

Evidence at a glance

Total studies
909
With abstract
45
Meta / Systematic / RCT
186
Highly cited
50
Publication years
1984–2026

Melatonin Optimization in the context of Vitamins & Minerals

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Top studies on Melatonin Optimization

Ranked by influential-citation count and publication year.

  1. Optimizing the Time and Dose of Melatonin as a Sleep-Promoting Drug: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis.

    J Pineal Res2024n=26meta90 influential citations

    Previous studies have reported inconsistent results about exogenous melatonin's sleep-promoting effects. A possible explanation relies on the heterogeneity in administration schedule and dose, which might be accountable for differences in…

  2. Effect of peri-operative pharmacological interventions on postoperative delirium in patients having cardiac surgery: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.

    Anaesthesia2026n=24,827Meta-Analysis90 influential citations

    <h4>Introduction</h4>Postoperative delirium is a common complication following cardiac surgery. Despite its known impact on patient outcomes, effective preventative strategies remain elusive. We aimed to perform a comprehensive Bayesian…

  3. Effects of melatonin supplementation on markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

    Clin Nutr ESPEN2024n=823Meta-Analysis69 influential citations

    <h4>Background & aims</h4>Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder, in which chronic systemic inflammation and oxidative stress contribute to the progression of this condition and its complications. Melatonin, a hormone known for its…

  4. Melatonin biosynthesis pathways in nature and its production in engineered microorganisms.

    Synth Syst Biotechnol2022Review65 influential citations

    Melatonin is a biogenic amine that can be found in plants, animals and microorganism. The metabolic pathway of melatonin is different in various organisms, and biosynthetic endogenous melatonin acts as a molecular signal and antioxidant…

  5. Interventions for insomnia in cancer patients and survivors-a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.

    JNCI Cancer Spectr2024n=652Meta-Analysis61 influential citations

    <h4>Background</h4>Considering the persistent nature and higher prevalence of insomnia in cancer patients and survivors compared with the general population, there is a need for effective management strategies. This systematic review and…

  6. Melatonin alleviates neuroinflammation in ischemic stroke by regulating cyclic GMP-AMP synthase- mediated microglial pyroptosis signaling.

    Neural Regen Res2026Study60 influential citations

    JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202606000-00051/figure1/v/2026-02-11T151048Z/r/image-tiff Inflammation plays a key role in driving the secondary brain injury that follows ischemic stroke. Melatonin is an endogenous neuroendocrine hormone that…

  7. The Role of Melatonin to Ameliorate Oxidative Stress in Sperm Cells.

    Int J Mol Sci2023Systematic Review57 influential citations

    It is widely accepted that oxidative stress (OS) coming from a wide variety of causes has detrimental effects on male fertility. Antioxidants could have a significant role in the treatment of male infertility, and the current systematic…

  8. Comparative Efficacy, Tolerability, and Acceptability of Donanemab, Lecanemab, Aducanumab, Melatonin, and Aerobic Exercise for a Short Time on Cognitive Function in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mild Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

    J Alzheimers Dis2024n=4,599Meta-Analysis48 influential citations

    <h4>Background</h4>The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved lecanemab and aducanumab and is reviewing donanemab, but they have questionable efficacy, serious side effects and are costly, whereas melatonin administration and…

  9. Effect of melatonin supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors, oxidative stress and hormonal profile in PCOS patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

    J Ovarian Res2024Meta-Analysis47 influential citations

    <h4>Background</h4>To investigate whether melatonin supplementation can enhance cardiometabolic risk factors, reduce oxidative stress, and improve hormonal and pregnancy-related factors in patients with PCOS.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a…

  10. Impact of Melatonin Supplementation on Sports Performance and Circulating Biomarkers in Highly Trained Athletes: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

    Nutrients2024n=21Systematic Review45 influential citations

    Melatonin (N-acetyl-5 methoxytryptamine) is an indolic neurohormone that modulates a variety of physiological functions due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory properties. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to…

Frequently asked

What dosage was studied?
• Exogenous melatonin (Range not fully specified in abstract; dose-response peaked at 4 mg/day; common clinical practice comparator noted as 2 mg) • Pharmacological interventions; most effective was dexmedetomidine combined with melatonin (Not reported) • Melatonin supplementation (Not reported)
Which population does the evidence apply to?
Most studies investigated: healthy; unknown.
Are there safety considerations for Melatonin Optimization?
• Not reported in the abstract. • Not reported in the abstract • No adverse events were reported; this is a review article. • not reported

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Melatonin Optimization: Effects, Evidence, and What Is Actually Proven

Melatonin can help with falling asleep, but the effect is usually modest and depends on dose, timing, and sleep hygiene. Here is the evidence-based interpretation.

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