Effect SizeEvidence & Dosage
p-value vs. practical relevance, Cohen's d, confidence intervals.
Evidence at a glance
- Total studies
- 1,000
- With abstract
- 35
- Meta / Systematic / RCT
- 1
- Highly cited
- 5
- Publication years
- 1955–2026
Effect Size in the context of Vitamins & Minerals
This topic is part of our "Vitamins & Minerals" world. There you'll find methodology, evidence and the highest-impact levers — plus the order in which they sensibly build on each other.
Go to Vitamins & MineralsTop studies on Effect Size
Ranked by influential-citation count and publication year.
The job demands-resources model of burnout.
The Journal of applied psychology2001n=374200 influential citationsThe job demands-resources (JD-R) model proposes that working conditions can be categorized into 2 broad categories, job demands and job resources. that are differentially related to specific outcomes. A series of LISREL analyses using…
Donanemab in Early Symptomatic Alzheimer Disease: The TRAILBLAZER-ALZ 2 Randomized Clinical Trial.
JAMA2023n=1,736200 influential citationsImportance There are limited efficacious treatments for Alzheimer disease. Objective To assess efficacy and adverse events of donanemab, an antibody designed to clear brain amyloid plaque. Design, Setting, and Participants Multicenter (277…
Should video laryngoscopy or direct laryngoscopy be used for adults undergoing endotracheal intubation in the pre-hospital setting? A critical appraisal of a systematic review.
Journal of paramedic practice : the clinical monthly for emergency care professionals2023200 influential citationsThe safety and utility of endotracheal intubation by paramedics in the United Kingdom is a matter of debate. Considering the controversy surrounding the safety of paramedic-performed endotracheal intubation, any interventions that enhance…
Writing narrative literature reviews for peer-reviewed journals: secrets of the trade.
Journal of chiropractic medicine2006200 influential citations<h4>Objective</h4>To describe and discuss the process used to write a narrative review of the literature for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. Publication of narrative overviews of the literature should be standardized to increase…
Pulsed taVNS-Elicited Pupil Dilation: Effects of Intermixed Stimulation, Sham Location, and Respiratory Phase.
Psychophysiology2026ETranscutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) may offer a powerful, noninvasive way to stimulate activity of brainstem arousal systems, including the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system. Pulsed taVNS is known to elicit…
Effects of Canola Oil on Hepatic and Cardiometabolic Markers in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Food science & nutrition2026n=220DNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and increased cardiometabolic risk. Dietary fat quality has emerged as a modifiable factor in NAFLD management; however, the specific effects…
Can exercise truly alleviate mild-to-moderate and subthreshold depression? Evidence from randomized controlled trials.
Frontiers in psychology2026DThis study centers on populations with mild-to-moderate and subthreshold depression, excluding pharmacological interference, to systematically evaluate the comparative efficacy of various exercise modalities. Adhering to PRISMA guidelines,…
The Causal Role of Adiposity in Mental Illness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Mendelian Randomization Studies.
Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity2026Objective This study aimed to examine the causal effect of adiposity on mental illnesses by summarizing and assessing evidence from Mendelian randomization (MR) studies. Method Searches were conducted on Embase, Medline, and Web of Science…
Synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM) in systematic reviews: reporting guideline.
BMJ (Clinical research ed.)2020n=44In systematic reviews that lack data amenable to meta-analysis, alternative synthesis methods are commonly used, but these methods are rarely reported. This lack of transparency in the methods can cast doubt on the validity of the review…
Integrative review: what is it? How to do it?
Einstein (São Paulo)2010<h4>Introduction</h4>The integrative review is the methodology that provides synthesis of knowledge and applicability of results of significant studies to practice.<h4>Objective</h4>To present the phases of an integrative review and the…
Frequently asked
What dosage was studied?
Are there safety considerations for Effect Size?
Related articles
Which supplements actually work? RCT check 2026
Only a handful of supplements show robust effects in randomized trials: creatine monohydrate (3-5 g/day, strength and cognition), omega-3 EPA/DHA (2-4 g/day, triglyceride reduction), magnesium (in deficiency: better sleep quality), vitamin D (when deficient, not prophylactically). Multivitamins, greens powders, and most adaptogens show no relevant effects on hard endpoints in healthy adults.
Which biohacking tips are scientifically proven? Top 6 evidence-backed 2026
Six biohacks have dense meta-analysis evidence: strength training (mortality −20 %), Finnish sauna 4-7×/week (cardiovascular mortality −50 %), sleep consistency (cognitive performance), Mediterranean diet (PREDIMED: −30 % cardiovascular events), zone-2 cardio (mitochondrial capacity), 8-week mindfulness (stress markers, systematic-review-grade). Everything else is weaker or open.
Can AI explain supplement studies in plain language?
Yes — but only with specialized tools that access the research literature directly. Biohacking AI searches live, translates methodology (sample size, RCT vs. observation, effect size), and gives clickable sources. Generic AI like ChatGPT often hallucinates non-existent study IDs. For every supplement: 1) what does the strongest study say? 2) how strong is that study? 3) what does it say in concrete numbers?
Sleep Onset Latency: Effects & Evidence — What Is Actually Supported
An evidence-based overview of sleep onset latency: what truly improves falling asleep (evidence base, effect sizes), what remains uncertain—and which lifestyle levers should be tried first.
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More topics in Vitamins & Minerals
Magnesium
Magnesium types, sleep, cramps, stress, and dosage.
Creatine Monohydrate
Power, muscle building, cognition, and safety of creatine.
Ashwagandha
Stress, sleep, cortisol, and possible side effects.
Melatonin Optimization
Melatonin needs, dosing (0.3-5 mg), extended-release forms, circadian rhythm, and long-term safety considerations.
Caffeine + L-Theanine
Caffeine, L-Theanine, focus, alertness and tolerance.
NAD+ Precursors
NMN, NR, NAD+, aging biology and evidence landscape.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids
EPA, DHA, ALA: daily needs, sources (fish, algae), Omega-3 index as biomarker, and cardiovascular RCT data.
Vitamin Optimization
Vitamin optimization strategies: needs assessment, bioavailability, synergies, and safety upper limits for the most relevant micronutrients.
Melatonin Signaling
Melatonin as a multi-system hormone: antioxidant, immunomodulatory, mitochondrial, and neuroprotective effects beyond sleep.
Animal vs Human Studies
Mouse ≠ human — translatability from resveratrol to rapamycin is shaky.
Bias
Sponsorship, selection bias, confirmation bias, industry funding.
Cardiovascular System
Blood pressure, heart rate, endothelium, cholesterol, cardiovascular risk factors.
Contraindications
When something must NOT be taken: pregnancy, pre-existing conditions.
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10 / Ubiquinol)
Mitochondria, statins, energy, and cardiovascular outcomes.
Correlation vs Causation
The classic misinterpretation of popular health studies.
Curcumin
Inflammation, bioavailability (piperine), turmeric extracts, and clinical outcomes.
Digestive System
Stomach acid, enzymes, absorption, the gut-brain axis, the microbiome.
Ferritin & Iron
Ferritin, transferrin saturation, iron deficiency vs. iron overload.
Glutathione
Master antioxidant, liposomal vs. NAC forms and detoxification.
Immune System
Innate vs. adaptive immunity, inflammation, autoimmunity.
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Semaglutide
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Topical Peptides
Argireline, Matrixyl, GHK-Cu — anti-aging cosmetics with real evidence.
Carbohydrate Periodization
Train‑Low, Glycogen Adaptation, and Performance Outcomes.