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Hormone AxesEvidence & Dosage

The HPA, HPG and HPT axes — how central control talks to the glands.

Evidence at a glance

Total studies
102
With abstract
48
Meta / Systematic / RCT
1
Highly cited
28
Publication years
1986–2026

Hormone Axes in the context of Hormones

This topic is part of our "Hormones" world. There you'll find methodology, evidence and the highest-impact levers — plus the order in which they sensibly build on each other.

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Top studies on Hormone Axes

Ranked by influential-citation count and publication year.

  1. The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis: Development, Programming Actions of Hormones, and Maternal-Fetal Interactions.

    Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience2020200 influential citations

    The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is a complex system of neuroendocrine pathways and feedback loops that function to maintain physiological homeostasis. Abnormal development of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis can…

  2. Functional cross-talk between the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal and -adrenal axes.

    Journal of neuroendocrinology2002160 influential citations

    Under normal conditions, the adrenal glucocorticoids, the endproduct of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, provide a frontline of defence against threats to homeostasis (i.e. stress). On the other hand, chronic HPA drive and…

  3. Interactions between the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the female reproductive system: clinical implications.

    Annals of internal medicine1998144 influential citations

    The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis exerts profound, multilevel inhibitory effects on the female reproductive system. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and CRH-induced proopiomelanocortin peptides inhibit hypothalamic…

  4. Hypothalamopituitary dysfunction following traumatic brain injury and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a systematic review.

    JAMA2007n=1,137118 influential citations

    <h4>Context</h4>Neuroendocrine dysfunction following traumatic brain injury and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage may occur with a much higher prevalence than previously suspected. This sequela is a potentially serious but treatable…

  5. Prevalence of neuroendocrine dysfunction in patients recovering from traumatic brain injury.

    The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2001n=4891 influential citations

    Although hypopituitarism is a known complication of head injury, it may be underrecognized due to its subtle clinical manifestations. The nonspecific symptoms may be masked by and may contribute to the physical and psychological sequelae…

  6. Anterior pituitary dysfunction in survivors of traumatic brain injury.

    The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism200484 influential citations

    Recent data suggest that anterior pituitary dysfunction after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is common. We sought to confirm the results of earlier studies in a larger cohort of patients with dynamic testing of pituitary function. We studied…

  7. Occurrence of pituitary dysfunction following traumatic brain injury.

    Journal of neurotrauma2004n=5074 influential citations

    Traumatic brain injury (TBI) may be associated with impairment of pituitary hormone secretion, which may contribute to long-term physical, cognitive, and psychological disability. We studied the occurrence and risk factors of pituitary…

  8. High risk of hypopituitarism after traumatic brain injury: a prospective investigation of anterior pituitary function in the acute phase and 12 months after trauma.

    The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2006n=4374 influential citations

    <h4>Context</h4>Recent data have demonstrated that traumatic brain injury (TBI)-mediated hypopituitarism could be more frequent than previously known. However, most previous data were obtained from retrospective…

  9. Neuroendocrine dysfunction in the acute phase of traumatic brain injury.

    Clinical endocrinology2004n=2671 influential citations

    <h4>Background</h4>Pituitary hormone abnormalities have been reported in up to 50% of survivors of traumatic brain injury (TBI) who were investigated several months or longer following the event. The frequency of pituitary dysfunction in…

  10. The impact of endocrine-disrupting chemical exposure in the mammalian hypothalamic-pituitary axis.

    Molecular and cellular endocrinology202071 influential citations

    The hypothalamic-pituitary axis (HP axis) plays a critical and integrative role in the endocrine system control to maintain homeostasis. The HP axis is responsible for the hormonal events necessary to regulate the thyroid, adrenal glands,…

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