GLP-1Evidence & Dosage
Glucagon-like peptide 1 — incretin, satiety, blood sugar, semaglutide's mechanism.
Evidence at a glance
- Total studies
- 1,000
- With abstract
- 36
- Meta / Systematic / RCT
- 3
- Highly cited
- 4
- Publication years
- 1986–2026
GLP-1 in the context of Hormones
This topic is part of our "Hormones" world. There you'll find methodology, evidence and the highest-impact levers — plus the order in which they sensibly build on each other.
Go to HormonesTop studies on GLP-1
Ranked by influential-citation count and publication year.
Tissue and plasma concentrations of amidated and glycine-extended glucagon-like peptide I in humans.
Diabetes1994n=6200 influential citationsUsing specific radioimmunoassays, we studied the occurrence of amidated and glycine-extended glucagon-like peptide I (GLP-I) molecules in the human small intestine and pancreas and in the circulation system in response to a breakfast meal.…
Insulinotropic action of glucagonlike peptide-I-(7-37) in diabetic and nondiabetic subjects.
Diabetes care199285 influential citations<h4>Objective</h4>Whether glucagonlike peptide-I-(7-37) (GLP-I-[7-37]), a naturally occurring intestinal peptide, is insulinotropic in nondiabetic and non-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetic subjects.<h4>Research design and…
Structure-function of the glucagon receptor family of G protein-coupled receptors: the glucagon, GIP, GLP-1, and GLP-2 receptors.
Receptors & channels200229 influential citationsThe glucagon-like peptides include glucagon, GLP-1, and GLP-2, and exert diverse actions on nutrient intake, gastrointestinal motility, islet hormone secretion, cell proliferation and apoptosis, nutrient absorption, and nutrient…
Glucagon-like peptide-1 inhibits LPS-induced IL-1beta production in cultured rat astrocytes.
Neuroscience research20069 influential citationsGlia play an important role in neurotoxicity in neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we investigated the expression of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and its receptor, and the effects of GLP-1 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced…
Efficacy and safety of cAMP-biased GLP-1 receptor agonist ecnoglutide versus dulaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes and elevated glucose concentrations on metformin monotherapy (EECOH-2): a 52-week, multicentre, open-label, non-inferiority, randomised, phase 3 trial.
Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol2025n=623RCT4 influential citations<h4>Background</h4>Ecnoglutide is a novel biased GLP-1 receptor agonist that preferentially activates the cAMP pathway over β-arrestin recruitment. We aimed to assess both non-inferiority and superiority of ecnoglutide versus dulaglutide,…
GLP-1, a powerful physiological incretin: an update.
J Biol Regul Homeost Agents2018Systematic Review2 influential citationsFood intake, especially carbohydrates, release incretin, which is an endocrine transmitter. Among the various endocrine modulators, Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is more effective in stimulating the release of insulin and more powerful…
Association of GLP-1 Receptor Agonist and SGLT2 Inhibitor With Cardiovascular Outcomes After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
The American Journal of Cardiology20262 influential citationsAortic valve disease is the most common valvular disease and is often seen in the elderly population. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a favorable and rapidly evolving intervention. Despite highly effective procedural…
Glucagon-like peptides.
Diabetes19981 influential citationsProglucagon contains the sequence of two glucagon-like peptides, GLP-1 and GLP-2, secreted from enteroendocrine cells of the small and large intestine. GLP-1 lowers blood glucose in both NIDDM and IDDM patients and may be therapeutically…
The effect of GLP-1 receptor agonist and SGLT2 inhibitor on infection risk: network meta-analysis
Clinical Microbiology and Infection20261 influential citations<h4>Background</h4>Patients treated with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors often have underlying conditions that predispose them to infection. While these agents offer…
GLP-1 and GIP: Magic bullet for musculoskeletal diseases?
Journal of Advanced Research20261 influential citations<h4>Background</h4>Musculoskeletal diseases (MSDs) are prevalent health problems that have a chronic course and are closely related to metabolic disorders. Several incretins, including glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and…
Frequently asked
Which population does the evidence apply to?
Are there safety considerations for GLP-1?
Related articles
What are the latest biohacking trends I should check out?
Seven 2026 trends: GLP-1 agonists (semaglutide, tirzepatide) for non-diabetics (real effect, serious side effects), CGM for healthy adults (often overhyped), longevity clinics (expensive, mixed evidence), AI-powered personalization (promising), Bryan Johnson-style tracking (n=1 experiments), peptide stacks (hype over evidence), continuous cortisol tracking (hardware not ready). Not every trend is a recommendation.
Tirzepatide: Effects & evidence status — what’s proven and what’s missing
Tirzepatide in an evidence check: Which effects are well supported by RCTs, which remain unclear, and what should people consider for safety?
Semaglutide and Tirzepatide: What the Long-Term Data Show on Weight Loss
How well do Semaglutide and Tirzepatide work long term, what happens after stopping, and how large is the risk of muscle loss? Overview with evidence, limits, and practical takeaways.
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