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ProgesteroneEvidence & Dosage

Luteal phase, sleep, bioidentical therapy, and safety data.

Studies last updated

Evidence at a glance

Total studies
1,000
With abstract
50
Meta / Systematic / RCT
149
Highly cited
50
Publication years
1974–2026

Progesterone in the context of Hormones

This topic is part of our "Hormones" world. There you'll find methodology, evidence and the highest-impact levers — plus the order in which they sensibly build on each other.

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Top studies on Progesterone

Ranked by influential-citation count and publication year.

  1. Vaginal progesterone for preventing preterm birth and adverse perinatal outcomes in singleton gestations with a short cervix: a meta-analysis of individual patient data.

    Am J Obstet Gynecol2018n=974Meta-Analysis200 influential citations

    <h4>Background</h4>The efficacy of vaginal progesterone for preventing preterm birth and adverse perinatal outcomes in singleton gestations with a short cervix has been questioned after publication of the OPPTIMUM…

  2. Menstrual cycle hormones and oral contraceptives: a multimethod systems physiology-based review of their impact on key aspects of female physiology.

    J Appl Physiol (1985)2023n=928Meta-Analysis200 influential citations

    Hormonal changes around ovulation divide the menstrual cycle (MC) into the follicular and luteal phases. In addition, oral contraceptives (OCs) have active (higher hormone) and placebo phases. Although there are some MC-based effects on…

  3. Cycle regimens for frozen-thawed embryo transfer.

    Cochrane Database Syst Rev2017n=381Meta-Analysis177 influential citations

    <h4>Background</h4>Among subfertile couples undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART), pregnancy rates following frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) treatment cycles have historically been found to be lower than following embryo…

    Finding: The review found insufficient evidence to support one frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycle regimen over another in subfertile women with regular ovulatory cycles.

  4. Evaluating Progestogens for Preventing Preterm birth International Collaborative (EPPPIC): meta-analysis of individual participant data from randomised controlled trials.

    Lancet2021n=11,644Meta-Analysis163 influential citations

    <h4>Background</h4>Preterm birth is a global health priority. Using a progestogen during high-risk pregnancy could reduce preterm birth and adverse neonatal outcomes.<h4>Methods</h4>We did a systematic review of randomised trials comparing…

  5. Long-term hormone therapy for perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.

    Cochrane Database Syst Rev2017n=43,637meta156 influential citations

    BACKGROUND: Hormone therapy (HT) is widely provided for control of menopausal symptoms and has been used for the management and prevention of cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis and dementia in older women. This is an updated version of a…

  6. Neuroimaging the menstrual cycle: A multimodal systematic review.

    Front Neuroendocrinol2021n=130Systematic Review118 influential citations

    Increasing evidence indicates that ovarian hormones affect brain structure, chemistry and function of women in their reproductive age, potentially shaping their behavior and mental health. Throughout the reproductive years, estrogens and…

  7. Endometrial preparation for women undergoing embryo transfer with frozen embryos or embryos derived from donor oocytes.

    Cochrane Database Syst Rev2020n=31Meta-Analysis112 influential citations

    <h4>Background</h4>A frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycle is when one or more embryos (frozen during a previous treatment cycle) are thawed and transferred to the uterus. Some women undergo fresh embryo transfer (ET) cycles with embryos…

  8. Interventions to prevent spontaneous preterm birth in women with singleton pregnancy who are at high risk: systematic review and network meta-analysis.

    BMJ2022n=17,273Meta-Analysis111 influential citations

    Objectives To compare the efficacy of bed rest, cervical cerclage (McDonald, Shirodkar, or unspecified type of cerclage), cervical pessary, fish oils or omega fatty acids, nutritional supplements (zinc), progesterone (intramuscular, oral,…

    Finding: Only progesterone treatments were associated with reductions in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, neonatal sepsis, necrotising enterocolitis, and admission to neonatal intensive care unit compared with controls.

  9. Serum luteal phase progesterone in women undergoing frozen embryo transfer in assisted conception: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Fertil Steril2021Meta-Analysis104 influential citations

    <h4>Objective</h4>To investigate the association between luteal serum progesterone levels and frozen embryo transfer (FET) outcomes.<h4>Design</h4>Systematic review and meta-analysis.<h4>Setting</h4>Not applicable.<h4>Patient(s)</h4>Women…

  10. Vaginal progesterone decreases preterm birth ≤ 34 weeks of gestation in women with a singleton pregnancy and a short cervix: an updated meta-analysis including data from the OPPTIMUM study.

    Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol2016n=974Meta-Analysis89 influential citations

    <h4>Objective</h4>To evaluate the efficacy of vaginal progesterone administration for preventing preterm birth and perinatal morbidity and mortality in asymptomatic women with a singleton gestation and a mid-trimester sonographic cervical…

Frequently asked

What dosage was studied?
• Vaginal progesterone (90-200 mg/day) • Menstrual cycle phases and oral contraceptive use (not reported) • Different cycle regimens for frozen-thawed embryo transfer, including natural cycle, modified natural cycle with HCG trigger, hormone therapy (HT) cycles, HT with GnRHa suppression, and ovulation induction regimens (Not reported)
Are there safety considerations for Progesterone?
• Maternal adverse events did not differ between groups. • Congenital anomalies did not differ between groups. • No adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes were seen at 2 years. • Neonatal death was numerically lower but not statistically significant (P=0.07).

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