Back to Hormones
Hormones

PerimenopauseEvidence & Dosage

The hormonal transition phase — symptoms, HRT, lifestyle strategies.

Evidence at a glance

Total studies
697
With abstract
44
Meta / Systematic / RCT
3
Highly cited
6
Publication years
1976–2026

Perimenopause in the context of Hormones

This topic is part of our "Hormones" world. There you'll find methodology, evidence and the highest-impact levers — plus the order in which they sensibly build on each other.

Go to Hormones

Top studies on Perimenopause

Ranked by influential-citation count and publication year.

  1. Menopause, Perimenopause, and Migraine: Understanding the Intersections and Implications for Treatment.

    Neurol Ther2025review66 influential citations

    Migraine affects women three times more often than it does men, and various mechanisms may explain this incidence, including the key role of female sex hormones. Fluctuations in the levels of these hormones and their feedback control…

  2. European Society of Endocrinology clinical practice guideline for evaluation and management of menopause and the perimenopause

    European Journal of Endocrinology202547 influential citations

    Women make up 51% of the world's population, and the global population of postmenopausal women is growing. About 25% of these women experience debilitating menopausal symptoms. Since it is important that all health care professionals have…

  3. Global, regional, and national burden of anxiety disorders during the perimenopause (1990–2021) and projections to 2035

    BMC Women's Health202534 influential citations

    <h4>Purpose</h4>Perimenopause is associated with an increased risk of anxiety disorders, largely due to hormonal changes affecting the body's regulatory feedback mechanisms. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the global…

  4. Progesterone vs. synthetic progestins and the risk of breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Syst Rev2016n=86,881Meta-Analysis32 influential citations

    <h4>Background</h4>Use of menopausal hormonal therapy (MHT)-containing estrogen and a synthetic progestin is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. It is unclear if progesterone in combination with estrogen carries a lower…

  5. The Mechanism by Which Estrogen Level Affects Knee Osteoarthritis Pain in Perimenopause and Non-Pharmacological Measures

    International Journal of Molecular Sciences20254 influential citations

    Perimenopausal women have fluctuating estrogen levels, which often trigger a range of symptoms of perimenopausal syndromes as estrogen levels decrease. Changes in perimenopausal estrogen levels are closely related to pain in knee…

  6. TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE COMBINED WITH HORMONE THERAPY TO TREAT PREMATURE OVARIAN FAILURE: A META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS

    African Journal of Traditional Complementary and Alternative Medicines2016n=1,3523 influential citations

    Background: This meta-analysis aimed to provide critically estimated evidence for the advantages and disadvantages of Chinese herbal medicines used for premature ovarian failure (POF), which could provide suggestions for rational…

  7. Round Table Discussion: Aesthetic Treatment Considerations for the Perimenopausal & Menopausal Patient.

    Journal of cosmetic dermatology20263 influential citations

    <h4>Background</h4>Menopause is a normal feature of the female aging process that commonly occurs during the 6th decade of life. During perimenopause, many negative effects begin to occur affecting the skin that are associated with…

  8. Assessing the Roles of Aging, Estrogen, Nutrition, and Neuroinflammation in Women and Their Involvement in Alzheimer's Disease-A Narrative Overview.

    International journal of molecular sciences20263 influential citations

    The purpose of this narrative review is to examine women's cognitive health and to highlight its association with four major pillars: (1) aging, (2) estrogen decline and loss, (3) diet, and (4) neuroinflammation, and their contribution to…

  9. Waning moon: Revising a culturally informed intervention with perimenopausal American Indian and Alaska native women.

    Explore (New York, N.Y.)2026n=83 influential citations

    <h4>Background</h4>American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) women experience more vasomotor symptoms during menopausal transition compared to women of other racial and ethnic groups. Yet, there have been no evidence-based interventions…

  10. The mental health challenges, especially suicidality, experienced by women during perimenopause and menopause: A qualitative study

    Women's Health2025n=423 influential citations

    <h4>Background</h4>Menopause, characterised by significant hormonal changes, can greatly impact mental health. While physical symptoms are well-known, the psychological effects, particularly suicidality, are underexplored. Suicide rates…

Frequently asked

Are there safety considerations for Perimenopause?
• No cardiovascular event data were available.

Related articles

Blog

Biohacking perimenopause: what works, what doesn't

Evidence-based through the 40–55 phase: strength training, sufficient protein, bone protection, and when hormone replacement therapy makes sense according to KEEPS/ELITE.

Blog

Stacy Sims’ “Roar” vs. “Next Level”: Which book is right for whom?

Roar is aimed primarily at menstruating athletes, while Next Level is for women in perimenopause and menopause. Here are the target groups, differences, and limitations.

More topics in Hormones

Adrenal Fatigue

A contested concept — what the evidence shows vs. how it's marketed.

Adrenal Glands

Cortisol, DHEA, adrenaline — the stress response and daily rhythm.

Adrenaline & Noradrenaline

Acute stress response, sympathetic nervous system, attention and reaction.

Chronic Stress

Allostatic load, immune and metabolic consequences, interventions.

Cortisol Daily Profile

The diurnal rhythm, CAR (cortisol awakening response), saliva measurement.

Cortisol Management

HPA axis, stress curve, adaptogens, and a healthy daily rhythm.

Cravings

Causes: blood-sugar swings, sleep deprivation, emotional eating.

Cycle Phases

Follicular phase, ovulation, luteal phase — adapting training and nutrition.

DHEA

DHEA as a precursor hormone for hormonal balance and vitality.

DHT

The most potent androgen metabolite — hair loss, prostate, libido.

Endometriosis

A chronic inflammatory disease — diagnosis, options, lifestyle factors.

Estrogen Balance

Women's optimization, aromatase, phytoestrogens, and menopause.

Free Testosterone

Bioavailable testosterone, SHBG's influence, clinical relevance.

fT3 & fT4

Free thyroid hormones — peripheral conversion and activity.

Ghrelin

Hunger hormone, sleep's influence, intermittent-fasting adaptation.

GLP-1

Glucagon-like peptide 1 — incretin, satiety, blood sugar, semaglutide's mechanism.

Growth Hormone (GH/IGF-1)

Sleep secretion, secretagogues and IGF-1 as biomarker

Hashimoto Thyroiditis

Autoimmune thyroid disease — TPO/TG antibodies, selenium, iodine caution.

Hormonal Contraception

The pill, IUD, risk profiles, side effects, alternatives.

Hormonal System

Endocrine glands, hormone axes, feedback loops — how hormones steer behavior and metabolism.

Related topics from other worlds

Peptides

Peptide Half-Life

Fast-acting vs. depot peptides — dosing and timing implications.

Peptides

Semaglutide

GLP‑1 agonist, weight loss, diabetes outcomes, and long‑term safety.

Peptides

Topical Peptides

Argireline, Matrixyl, GHK-Cu — anti-aging cosmetics with real evidence.

Performance

Carbohydrate Periodization

Train‑Low, Glycogen Adaptation, and Performance Outcomes.

Performance

EMS Training

Electrical muscle stimulation — marketing vs. actual effect sizes.

Performance

Lactate

Fuel, not a waste product — modern lactate research.