Maximal StrengthEvidence & Dosage
Neural vs. muscular adaptation, 1RM training, periodization.
Evidence at a glance
- Total studies
- 1,000
- With abstract
- 47
- Meta / Systematic / RCT
- 12
- Highly cited
- 24
- Publication years
- 1976–2026
Maximal Strength in the context of Performance
This topic is part of our "Performance" world. There you'll find methodology, evidence and the highest-impact levers — plus the order in which they sensibly build on each other.
Go to PerformanceTop studies on Maximal Strength
Ranked by influential-citation count and publication year.
Time course for strength and muscle thickness changes following upper and lower body resistance training in men and women.
European journal of applied physiology2000n=20125 influential citationsThe purpose of this study was to investigate the time course of skeletal muscle adaptations resulting from high-intensity, upper and lower body dynamic resistance training (WT). A group of 17 men and 20 women were recruited for WT, and 6…
Creatine for Exercise and Sports Performance, with Recovery Considerations for Healthy Populations.
Nutrients2021review104 influential citationsCreatine is one of the most studied and popular ergogenic aids for athletes and recreational weightlifters seeking to improve sport and exercise performance, augment exercise training adaptations, and mitigate recovery time. Studies…
Effect of creatine supplementation during resistance training on lean tissue mass and muscular strength in older adults: a meta-analysis.
Open Access J Sports Med2017n=721Review84 influential citationsThe loss of muscle mass and strength with aging results in significant functional impairment. Creatine supplementation has been used in combination with resistance training as a strategy for increasing lean tissue mass and muscle strength…
Quadriceps EMG/force relationship in knee extension and leg press.
Medicine and science in sports and exercise200082 influential citations<h4>Purpose</h4>This study compared the relationship between surface electromyographic (EMG) activity and isometric force of m. quadriceps femoris (QF) in the single-joint knee extension (KE) and the multi-joint leg press (LP)…
The role of resistance training and creatine supplementation on oxidative stress, antioxidant defense, muscle strength, and quality of life in older adults.
Front Public Health2023n=45RCT76 influential citationsBACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of resistance training (RT) with creatine monohydrate supplementation (CS) on serum levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase…
Creatine supplementation during resistance training in older adults-a meta-analysis.
Med Sci Sports Exerc2014n=357Meta-Analysis69 influential citationsINTRODUCTION: Age-related sarcopenia and dynapenia have negative effects on strength and the ability to perform activities of daily living. Resistance training (RT) increases muscle mass and strength in older adults and is an established…
Finding: Creatine combined with resistance training improved the 30-s chair stand test more than resistance training alone.
Early phase adaptations of muscle use and strength to isokinetic training.
Medicine and science in sports and exercise199962 influential citationsThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of short periods of isokinetic resistance training on muscle use and strength. Seven men trained the right quadriceps femoris muscles (QF) 9 d for 2 wk using 10 sets of 5 knee…
The effects of different resistance training protocols on muscular strength and endurance development in children.
Pediatrics1999n=1657 influential citations<h4>Background</h4>Previous research has shown that children can increase their muscular strength and muscular endurance as a result of regular participation in a progressive resistance training program. However, the most effective…
Effects of low-load resistance training with vascular occlusion on the mechanical properties of muscle and tendon.
Journal of applied biomechanics200656 influential citationsThe present study aimed to investigate the effects of low-load resistance training with vascular occlusion on the specific tension and tendon properties by comparing with those of high-load training. Nine participants completed 12 weeks (3…
Slower fatigue and faster recovery of the adductor pollicis muscle in women matched for strength with men.
Acta physiologica Scandinavica1999n=954 influential citationsIn previous gender comparisons of muscle performance, men and women rarely have been closely matched, absolute force has not been equalized, and rates of fatigue and early recovery have not been determined. We compared adductor pollicis…
Frequently asked
What dosage was studied?
Which population does the evidence apply to?
Are there safety considerations for Maximal Strength?
More topics in Performance
Amphetamines
Stimulants, off-label ADHD use, cognitive vs. physical effects.
Anabolic Steroids
Anabolic steroids — medical and doping aspects, risks.
ATP System
Phosphagen system, anaerobic glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation.
Beetroot / Nitrate
NO synthase bypass, endurance and altitude adaptation.
Beta-Alanine
Carnosine, high intensity, tingling, and dosage regimens.
Carbohydrate Periodization
Train‑Low, Glycogen Adaptation, and Performance Outcomes.
Citrulline Malate
NO precursor, pump and endurance studies.
Competition Mentality
Arousal regulation, visualization, routines under pressure.
Cool-down
Active recovery, light movement, bringing heart rate down.
Deload
Planned recovery periods — avoiding overreaching.
EAAs / BCAAs
Muscle protein synthesis, anti-catabolic, and leucine threshold.
Electrolytes
Sodium, potassium, magnesium, chloride — hydration and performance.
EMS Training
Electrical muscle stimulation — marketing vs. actual effect sizes.
Endurance
Aerobic base, lactate threshold, VO2max, polarized training.
Flexibility
Static vs. dynamic stretching, PNF, mobility vs. flexibility.
Focus Music
Lo-fi, Brain.fm, classical music — effects and individual variation.
HMB
Sarcopenia, Anti-Catabolic, and Sports Applications
Hypertrophy
Muscle-growth mechanisms, volume/intensity/frequency, protein timing.
Intra-Workout
Carbohydrates during training — indicated for long cardio sessions.
Lactate
Fuel, not a waste product — modern lactate research.
Related topics from other worlds
Body Temperature Tracking
Basal temperature, cycle, illness, sleep stages via wearable.
Homocysteine
Methylation marker, cardiovascular and neurological risk.
Nutrition Tracking
Cronometer, MyFitnessPal, macros & micros, limitations.
Adrenaline & Noradrenaline
Acute stress response, sympathetic nervous system, attention and reaction.
DHT
The most potent androgen metabolite — hair loss, prostate, libido.
Growth Hormone (GH/IGF-1)
Sleep secretion, secretagogues and IGF-1 as biomarker