Back to Performance
Performance

EnduranceEvidence & Dosage

Aerobic base, lactate threshold, VO2max, polarized training.

Evidence at a glance

Total studies
630
With abstract
41
Meta / Systematic / RCT
6
Highly cited
7
Publication years
1976–2026

Endurance in the context of Performance

This topic is part of our "Performance" world. There you'll find methodology, evidence and the highest-impact levers — plus the order in which they sensibly build on each other.

Go to Performance

Top studies on Endurance

Ranked by influential-citation count and publication year.

  1. Effects of plyometric training and creatine supplementation on maximal-intensity exercise and endurance in female soccer players.

    J Sci Med Sport2016n=30RCT43 influential citations

    OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of a six-week plyometric training and creatine supplementation intervention on maximal-intensity and endurance performance in female soccer players during in-season training. DESIGN: Randomized,…

  2. Changes in cycling efficiency and performance after endurance exercise.

    Medicine and science in sports and exercise200038 influential citations

    <h4>Purpose</h4>This study was designed to examine the effects of moderate-intensity endurance exercise on cycling performance, gross efficiency, and 30-s sprint power output.<h4>Methods</h4>Two separate experiments were conducted. After a…

  3. Effects of Creatine and Caffeine Supplementation During Resistance Training on Body Composition, Strength, Endurance, Rating of Perceived Exertion and Fatigue in Trained Young Adults.

    J Diet Suppl2022n=28rct38 influential citations

    The primary purpose was to determine the separate and combined effects of creatine and caffeine supplementation during resistance training on body composition and muscle performance in trained young adults. Twenty-eight participants were…

  4. Effects of endurance training on transient oxygen uptake responses in cyclists.

    Journal of sports sciences199825 influential citations

    The aim of this study was to determine the alterations in oxygen uptake kinetics following endurance training in previously trained athletes. Sixteen competitive cyclists completed 8 weeks of supervised endurance cycle training.…

  5. Effects of creatine loading and prolonged creatine supplementation on body composition, fuel selection, sprint and endurance performance in humans.

    Clin Sci (Lond)2003n=20other24 influential citations

    Most research on creatine has focused on short-term creatine loading and its effect on high-intensity performance capacity. Some studies have investigated the effect of prolonged creatine use during strength training. However, studies on…

  6. A physiological comparison of young and older endurance athletes.

    Journal of applied physiology: respiratory, environmental and exercise physiology198117 influential citations

    Sixteen highly trained masters endurance athletes, 59 +/- 6 yr, were compared with 16 young athletes, with whom they were matched on the basis of their training regimens, and with 18 untrained middle-aged men. On echocardiographic…

  7. Respiratory muscle training increases cycling endurance without affecting cardiovascular responses to exercise.

    European journal of applied physiology200110 influential citations

    We tested whether the increased cycling endurance observed after respiratory muscle training (RMT) in healthy sedentary humans was associated with a training-induced increase in cardiac stroke volume (SV) during exercise, similar to the…

  8. Circulating Myokine Responses to Acute Endurance Exercise and Their Role in Immunoregulation: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

    The FASEB Journal20263 influential citations

    Acute endurance exercise influences metabolic and immune functions, with myokines playing a key role in mediating communication between these two systems and in transforming transient inflammatory signals into long‐term anti‐inflammatory…

  9. Exercise-induced activation of ventromedial hypothalamic steroidogenic factor-1 neurons mediates improvements in endurance

    Neuron20262 influential citations

    Repeated exercise produces robust physiological benefits and is the leading lifestyle intervention for human health. The benefits from exercise training result from the remodeling of skeletomuscular, cardiovascular, metabolic, and…

  10. Sex differences in dynamic cerebral autoregulation responses to resistance and endurance training in humans

    Experimental Physiology20261 influential citations

    Exercise maintains brain health and reduces the risk of cerebrovascular diseases, such as stroke and dementia. The benefits of different ‘modalities’ of exercise on male and female cerebral autoregulation are unclear. In this study, we…

Frequently asked

What dosage was studied?
• Six-week plyometric training plus creatine supplementation (Not reported) • Creatine and caffeine supplementation during resistance training; separate and combined arms (CR-CAF: 0.1 g·kg-1·d-1 creatine monohydrate + 3 mg·kg-1·d-1 caffeine anhydrous micronized powder; CR: 0.1 g·kg-1·d-1 creatine + 3 mg·kg-1·d-1 micronized cellulose; CAF: 3 mg·kg-1·d-1 caffeine + 0.1 g·kg-1·d-1 maltodextrin)
Which population does the evidence apply to?
Most studies investigated: unknown.
Are there safety considerations for Endurance?
• Not reported • No adverse events reported in the abstract.

Related articles

Knowledge

Zone 2 Training: Effectiveness and Benefits

The Zone 2 training is an effective method to improve aerobic capacity and overall health. By targeted loads, it can increase performance and well-being.

More topics in Performance

Amphetamines

Stimulants, off-label ADHD use, cognitive vs. physical effects.

Anabolic Steroids

Anabolic steroids — medical and doping aspects, risks.

ATP System

Phosphagen system, anaerobic glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation.

Beetroot / Nitrate

NO synthase bypass, endurance and altitude adaptation.

Beta-Alanine

Carnosine, high intensity, tingling, and dosage regimens.

Carbohydrate Periodization

Train‑Low, Glycogen Adaptation, and Performance Outcomes.

Citrulline Malate

NO precursor, pump and endurance studies.

Competition Mentality

Arousal regulation, visualization, routines under pressure.

Cool-down

Active recovery, light movement, bringing heart rate down.

Deload

Planned recovery periods — avoiding overreaching.

EAAs / BCAAs

Muscle protein synthesis, anti-catabolic, and leucine threshold.

Electrolytes

Sodium, potassium, magnesium, chloride — hydration and performance.

EMS Training

Electrical muscle stimulation — marketing vs. actual effect sizes.

Flexibility

Static vs. dynamic stretching, PNF, mobility vs. flexibility.

Focus Music

Lo-fi, Brain.fm, classical music — effects and individual variation.

HMB

Sarcopenia, Anti-Catabolic, and Sports Applications

Hypertrophy

Muscle-growth mechanisms, volume/intensity/frequency, protein timing.

Intra-Workout

Carbohydrates during training — indicated for long cardio sessions.

Lactate

Fuel, not a waste product — modern lactate research.

Massage Guns

Theragun and the like — short-term effects, no lasting performance gain.

Related topics from other worlds

Vitamins & Minerals

Curcumin

Inflammation, bioavailability (piperine), turmeric extracts, and clinical outcomes.

Vitamins & Minerals

Liver & Detoxification

Phase I/II detoxification, glutathione, alcohol — a critical look at "detox" myths.

Vitamins & Minerals

Nervous System

Sympathetic, parasympathetic, CNS vs. peripheral — the basics of stress and recovery.

Vitamins & Minerals

RCT

The gold standard: randomization, blinding, placebo, statistical power.

Vitamins & Minerals

Vitamin B12

Holo-TC vs. total B12, methylcobalamin, vegan diets.

Vitamins & Minerals

Zinc

Immune system, hormones, wound healing, and bioavailability of zinc forms.