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CarbohydratesEvidence & Dosage

Glycemic index, starch vs. sugar, individual tolerance.

Evidence at a glance

Total studies
1,000
With abstract
43
Meta / Systematic / RCT
3
Highly cited
31
Publication years
1928–2026

Carbohydrates in the context of Methods

This topic is part of our "Methods" world. There you'll find methodology, evidence and the highest-impact levers — plus the order in which they sensibly build on each other.

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Top studies on Carbohydrates

Ranked by influential-citation count and publication year.

  1. Glycemic index of foods: a physiological basis for carbohydrate exchange.

    The American journal of clinical nutrition1981200 influential citations

    The determine the effect of different foods on the blood glucose, 62 commonly eaten foods and sugars were fed individually to groups of 5 to 10 healthy fasting volunteers. Blood glucose levels were measured over 2 h, and expressed as a…

  2. Effects of protein, monounsaturated fat, and carbohydrate intake on blood pressure and serum lipids: results of the OmniHeart randomized trial.

    JAMA2005n=164200 influential citations

    <h4>Context</h4>Reduced intake of saturated fat is widely recommended for prevention of cardiovascular disease. The type of macronutrient that should replace saturated fat remains uncertain.<h4>Objective</h4>To compare the effects of 3…

  3. Mediterranean Diet and Age-Related Cognitive Decline: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

    JAMA internal medicine2015n=334200 influential citations

    <h4>Importance</h4>Oxidative stress and vascular impairment are believed to partly mediate age-related cognitive decline, a strong risk factor for development of dementia. Epidemiologic studies suggest that a Mediterranean diet, an…

  4. Gut microbial carbohydrate metabolism contributes to insulin resistance.

    Nature2023200 influential citations

    Insulin resistance is the primary pathophysiology underlying metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes 1,2 . Previous metagenomic studies have described the characteristics of gut microbiota and their roles in metabolizing major nutrients in…

  5. The effects of low-carbohydrate versus conventional weight loss diets in severely obese adults: one-year follow-up of a randomized trial.

    Annals of internal medicine2004n=132152 influential citations

    <h4>Background</h4>A previous paper reported the 6-month comparison of weight loss and metabolic changes in obese adults randomly assigned to either a low-carbohydrate diet or a conventional weight loss diet.<h4>Objective</h4>To review the…

  6. Carbohydrate nutrition, insulin resistance, and the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in the Framingham Offspring Cohort.

    Diabetes care2004n=2,834143 influential citations

    <h4>Objective</h4>The aim of this study was to examine the relation between carbohydrate-related dietary factors, insulin resistance, and the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in the Framingham Offspring Cohort.<h4>Research design and…

  7. Fluid and carbohydrate ingestion independently improve performance during 1 h of intense exercise.

    Medicine and science in sports and exercise1995124 influential citations

    This study determined the effects of fluid and carbohydrate ingestion on performance, core temperature, and cardiovascular responses during intense exercise lasting 1 h. On four occasions, eight men cycled at 80 +/- 1% (+/- SEM) of VO2max…

  8. The human metabolic response to chronic ketosis without caloric restriction: preservation of submaximal exercise capability with reduced carbohydrate oxidation.

    Metabolism: clinical and experimental1983111 influential citations

    To study the effect of chronic ketosis on exercise performance in endurance-trained humans, five well-trained cyclists were fed a eucaloric balanced diet (EBD) for one week providing 35-50 kcal/kg/d, 1.75 g protein/kg/d and the remainder…

  9. A reduced ratio of dietary carbohydrate to protein improves body composition and blood lipid profiles during weight loss in adult women.

    The Journal of nutrition2003n=24106 influential citations

    Claims about the merits or risks of carbohydrate (CHO) vs. protein for weight loss diets are extensive, yet the ideal ratio of dietary carbohydrate to protein for adult health and weight management remains unknown. This study examined the…

  10. Effects of varying carbohydrate content of diet in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

    JAMA1994n=21106 influential citations

    <h4>Objective</h4>To study effects of variation in carbohydrate content of diet on glycemia and plasma lipoproteins in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM).<h4>Design</h4>A four-center randomized crossover…

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